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Robber Barons: Builders or Plunderers?
The term "robber baron" started as an insult aimed at Cornelius Vanderbilt for *challenging* a government monopoly — and today it means the opposite. This episode digs into the twenty names on Josephson's 1934 list, the revisionist counterattack that split them into "market entrepreneurs" and "political entrepreneurs," and why the same facts get sorted into hero and villain columns depending on who's doing the sorting. From kerosene at eight cents a gallon to a guest in a gold-inlaid suit of armor, the Gilded Age never really ended — we just changed the names on the door. Episode 5238 —…
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